Causes of Overpopulation Essay - 841 Words

According to the U.S Census Bureau the current world population is estimated to be about 6,770,332,394 people and still growing exponential. Also the world population is suppose to be over 8 billion people by 2025, and 9.5 billion by 2050 (U.S. Census Bureau). The only way to prevent this problem from becoming a world epidemic is by truly understanding some of the causes of the problem and what this problem might bring to the future of mankind. The world population growth is moving exponentially up in a J curve, which is normal for populations in nature with abundant resources. Surprisingly the human population has not yet reached the carrying capacity (Michigan U.). 11,000 years ago during the time of the agricultural revolution†¦show more content†¦According to Carl Haub, the total number of people to ever be born is approximately 106 billion people up until 2002. With nearly 7 billion people alive today that is about 6% of the total people who ever lived (Curtin). Today the population growth rate is around 1.3%. the peak of population growth was between 1965-1970 when the growth rate was about 2.1%. Many factors affect the growth of the populations including birth/death rate, age of overall population, resources, environment, and distribution. The most important is birth rates and death rates. Before modern medicine and urbanization the birth rate was very high but the death rate was about the same. In that time having a large family would improve status and life because of the extra help with needs. But today in developed countries with urban environments means a large family equals higher cost, lower standard of living, and lower status. In Thailand, where schooling is expensive, people saw that having more children caused having to spend more money on school. When this happened the births per woman went down from about 6 to around 2 in only ten years (Michigan U). The age distribution of developed countries is close to equilibrium due to the economic constraints. This means there are less young people to produce off spring, slowing the overall growth. In developing countries the age distribution is shaped like a pyramid, meaning many young people in turn causing more off spring and high populationShow MoreRelatedCauses and Effects of Overpopulation3400 Words   |  14 Pages| | The Population Explosion: Causes and Consequences by Carolyn Kinder Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute (2012) Until recently, birth rates and death rates were about the same, keeping the population stable. People had many children, but a large number of them died before age five. During the Industrial Revolution, a period of history in Europe and North America where there were great advances in science and technology, the success in reducing death rates was attributable to several factorsRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Overpopulation1073 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the effects of overpopulation? Overpopulation is an undesirable condition where the number of existing people on earth exceeds the carrying capacity of the earth. However, overpopulation has not always been a problem. At the dawn of agriculture, 8000 B.C., the population was approximately 5 million. 8000 years later, 1 A.D., the number of people existing on earth was between 200-300 million. That’s a growth rate under 0,05% per year. A tremendous change occurred with the industrial revolutionRead MoreIs Overpopulation the Main Cause of Child Labour3708 Words   |  15 PagesIs Overpopulation the Main Cause of Child Labour? Child labour refers to the employment of children to benefit their family financial situation where they are exploited to danger and hazard. It may interfere with their education and hamper the children physically, mentally, spiritually or morally. Children exposed to child labour since young can be distorted or disabled due to carrying heavy loads or forced into unnatural positions at w ork for long hours. Many say that the main cause of child labourRead More Pet Overpopulation: Cause and Effect of Homeless Pets Essay619 Words   |  3 Pagesto holding back tears. My sadness soon turns into anger, when I realize I cannot adopt every homeless pet. The pet population is a increasing crisis in America. In this essay I will discuss the cause and effect of homeless pets, I will begin by explain the anatomy that contributes to pet overpopulation, then I will discuss the consequences encompassing animal breeding, then I will examine the social stance that effects pets, lastly I will conclude by suggesting solutions. First, I will beginRead MoreEssay about How Overpopulation Causes Social Problems.3010 Words   |  13 PagesHow Overpopulation Causes Social Problems Introduction The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how overpopulation causes social problems. To do so you must take many things into consideration, such as different views of racial problems and conflicting definitions of a social problem. Social problems can be defined in many different ways. They effect everyone and some of us encounter problems everyday as a result of our race, religion, gender, or low income. Others experience problemsRead MoreOverpopulation Is a Growing Problem Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation is a growing problem all over the world. This is a very important environmental issue and needs to be dealt with. This environmental problem is affecting many countries in the world, but mostly the poor and impoverished countries that don’t have the resources to help deal with these issues. It also affects the environment like plants animal life and air quality. When the population of people expands we need more natural resources from the environment, s o we consume more then we canRead MoreProblems Caused By Overpopulation Is The Rise Of A Place Populated With Excessively Large Numbers879 Words   |  4 PagesProblems Caused by Overpopulation in Cities Overpopulation is ‘The condition of a place populated with excessively large numbers’. It is considered a problem in many senses, since it causes a number of issues for various different reasons. One major issue caused by overpopulation is the rise of unemployment. This is when people actively seeking employment or just people that are able to work remain unemployed. Overpopulation causes this because the amount of jobs available would be the same as beforeRead MoreThe Problem Of Overpopulation And Overpopulation872 Words   |  4 PagesHuman overpopulation. Human population can be defined as the condition whereby, the total count of the human inhabiting a certain area exceeds the carrying capacity of the area Bongaarts, (2011). This brings out an issue of the carrying capacity of the region which alludes to the number of individuals who can inhabit a certain area for a given period. It may also be looked at as the situation whereby the available renewable resources in a certain area can satisfactorily support the current populationRead MoreEssay on The Problems of Over Population885 Words   |  4 PagesProblems of Over Population There are several problems that affect the world today: war, crime, pollution, and several others. Overpopulation is a serious dilemma that is growing every year, every minute, and every second. It is the root of most, if not all, of the world’s problems1. It is the greatest global crisis facing humanity in the twenty-first century. Overpopulation is the major global problem because of several reasons. Most of the problems we have today, such as ocean depletion, food shortagesRead MoreOverpopulation Is Not An Issue1357 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation is not an issue many people in developing countries face at this point in time. Put simply, overpopulation is â€Å"the condition of having a population so dense that it causes environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life, or a population crash† (Merriam-Webster). It should not be taken lightly because it cannot be reversed in a short time period. Changes must be made gradually so that future generations do not suffer consequences that current generations have place upon

An Ideal Understanding Of The Catholic Christianity...

This idea presents an ideal understanding of the catholic Christianity perception of a wife. It was the understanding of the Catholic Christians and a construction that looked a perfect presentation of how and what a wife should be. Though we cannot dispute the opinions presented by Monica, we can only try to understand it better as according to the condition and circumstances we are living. The confessions were done several years back however they carry an intrinsic meaning and reason why they are still relevant. We can uphold the argument as presented by Augustine’s mother; however, we have to acculturate the concept into the modern world and social construction by just fitting the idea in the most applicable way. Part 1 Augustine’s Confessions were based on Catholic Christianity. The Catholic Church itself adopted several philosophies to build their own doctrines. According to Hardon (1987) Augustine had in mind that the idea of happy life, progressing family and the idea of a family with the head. According to him this needed to have a head that other subjects were to be submissive to. In a marriage, the family primarily is made up of two individuals, a wife and a man. The man will traditionally assume the head of the family. During the medieval period, a head had to be respected and followed. The idea of a leader was not transformational but transactional leadership. Hence in the process Augustine thought that the idea of his mother Monica, being subservient toShow MoreRelatedEthical Principles Of Ethics And Corporate Ethics3491 Words   |  14 Pagesregulating behavior. When someone conforms to the codification, you consider this person to be moral. And yet, the notion of how we ou ght to behave and the reality of how we do behave are varied and real morality behaves in accordance with one s perception of morality. Often, doctrines or moral duties that support the quality of an action which renders it good, is moral. Definitions: Sacred Texts: Religious texts, also known as scripture, scriptures, holy writ, or holy books, are the texts whichRead MoreMarriage12231 Words   |  49 Pagesproposes to investigate selected Polytechnic University of the Philippines students’ attitude towards marriage. The changes about marriage norms such as teenage pregnancy, cohabitation, marriage separation and annulment and how it affects one’s perception. This is done because attitudes are known to affect behavior and knowing the advantages of marriage it can be useful in hypothesizing the future of marriage. It then sets out to investigate demographic factors that influence these attitudes. Read MoreImportance of Intercultural Communication to Ist7702 Words   |  31 Pageshumankind and the dominating sources of conflict will be cultural. The people of different civilizations have different views on the relations between God and man, the individual and the group, the citizen and the state, parents and children, husband and wife, as well as differing views of the relative importance of rights and responsibilities, liberty and authority, equality and hierarchy. Such issues as (God, loyalty, family, community, state, allegiance, etc.) have been part of every culture for thousandsRead MoreEssay on Global Business Cultural Analysis: Singapore5463 Words   |  22 Pagesgovernment introduced various measures, such as the White Paper on Maintenance of Religious Harmony (January 1989) and the White Paper on Shared Values (Ping, 2012). The major religious denominations in Singapore are Christianity, Buddhism, Islam and Hinduism. The origin of Christianity trace back to 1965 after Singapore gained its independence. English was the official language of Singapore, churches could easily communicate the gospel. Local laypeople and ministers became involved in establishingRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 Pagesabout a wise person of any age.1 But the more we look at the connection between wisdom and humor, the more we realize the subject cannot be adequately addressed without also dealing with faith and religion. Thus, we shall begin by clarifying our understanding of wisdom, then examine how humor can contribute to it, look at this connection historically among some leading individuals in Europe, Russia, and the United States, and finally analyze the relationship between wisdom, humor, and faith. WisdomRead More Hinduism and Buddhism Essay6699 Words   |  27 Pagesrepresents the degree of emancipation the spirit has reached. The last region is where mater has ceased to exist, the third and infinite Nirvana. A ceasing that does not characterize obliteration, but an absence of matter and place. The Buddhist perception of a divine entity Buddhism has been described as a very pragmatic religion. It does not indulge in metaphysical speculation about first causes; there is no theology, no worship of a deity or deification of the Buddha. Buddhism takes a very straightforwardRead MoreCulture of India9032 Words   |  37 Pageslargely independent from foreign influences — three of the four languages classified as classical languages of India belong to the Dravidian language family, namely Kannada, Tamil and Telugu. Contents  [hide]   * 1 Religions and spirituality * 2 Perceptions of Indian culture * 3 Family structure and marriage * 3.1 Arranged Marriage * 4 Greetings * 5 Festivals * 6 Names and language * 7 Animals * 8 Cuisine * 9 Clothing * 10 Languages and literature * 10.1 History * 10Read MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesPRIMARY SOURCES OF ETHICS: Six primary sources have been identified in the American business area by ethics scholars George and john steiner as under: 1- Religion: The great world religion as we hav seen are: †¢ Judaism †¢ Christianity †¢ Islam The business people in this religion believe that their religion provides them with ethical principles/standards, which can be applied in business. The jewish tradition and the Christian tradition refer to religious ethical teachingRead MoreNotes18856 Words   |  76 Pagesand of the  ­ frican people. A Therefore, a close scrutiny of the phenomenon of  ­ olonialism is necessary c to appreciate the degree to which it influenced not only the economic and political development of Africa but also the African people’s perception of themselves. This chapter focuses on the major European colonial powers in Africa. It will begin by comparing and contrasting in some detail the racial a  ­ ttitudes of the British, the French, and the Portuguese, proceeds to  ­ iscuss d Read MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pageslittle liberty for a little security deserves neither and will lose both†. Censorship has been around for as long as humans had the ability to voice their opinion and his fellow man has deemed it appropriate to chastise this opinion. †¢ In Plato’s ideal state outlined in The Republic, official censors would prohibit mothers and nurses from relating tales deemed bad or evil †¢ Shi Huang Ti: Penchant for burning books †¢ Freedom of speech in ancient Rome was restricted to those in positions of

Comparing Public and Private Sector Accounting Free Essays

INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING Public Sector Accounting is related to government and different from private sector accounting. Accounting and financial reporting for public sector are based on distinctive concepts, standards, and procedure designed to accommodate their environment. This also based on the needs of their accounting information users. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Public and Private Sector Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now Derbyshire (1987) defined a public sector as a device for regulating human activities so that men and women can live together in reasonable harmony. The public sector is providing basic government services whether federal, state or local/municipal. It encompasses universal and critical services such as a national defense, healthcare, public roads and primary education. The public sector is part of economic and administrative life that deals with the delivery of goods and services by and for the government. A stakeholder is a party who has an interest in the organization’s activities, project or program. This is including whose affects, or can be affected by, the organization’s actions and decisions. More institutional stakeholders are lying under the public sector compared to private sector. For examples the parliament, the Auditor General and the Cabinet. They are mainly from individuals who are directly or indirectly involved in the company’s action such as the shareholders and suppliers. The public sector operates within a framework of public authorization and control. One common feature of all public sectors bodies is Parliament will derived the specific power ultimately. However, the formal and informal networks such as the ministers, local councils, and pressure groups impacted on the way of how the public organizations operate. The public sector also has a plurality of objectives. Political, economic, social, regulatory, technical and performance of services often occur on the basis of perceived need rather than in response to strict market-related demand. For example, in Malaysia, plurality of objectives of the government is clearly observed. The observation is through the setting up of different ministries with a variety of portfolios. In addition, public sector organization has no direct financial interest or benefits to the contributors of resources. Any direct or proportionate share of those organization’s goods and services will not been received by the contributors of resources. For instance, an individual who is a tax payer in Malaysia will not receive direct benefits from the Inland Revenue Board. Instead, they enjoy indirect benefits from the provision of education at all levels, provision of health services, continuous clean water supply and any other benefits. The public sector is varying accounting principles and practices. In general, fund accounting where separate accounts are maintained for each fund so that limitations and restriction placed on use of the resources allocated can be properly monitored and accountability is ensured. The private sector is generally using the entity accounting which a term used to identify the organization. The accounting service is to be provided and whose accounting or other information is to be analyzed, accumulated and reported. Lastly, the public sector is more to political rather than financial control which concerned about delivering social responsibilities to the public at large. Hence, the priority on resources allocation is generally governed by the priority set by the government. The national agenda sets the priority, not by any investment appraisal and profitability criteria. How to cite Comparing Public and Private Sector Accounting, Essay examples

Lonliness And Friendship Essay Research Paper In free essay sample

Lonliness And Friendship Essay, Research Paper In Of Mice and Men, written by George Steinbeck, George and Lennie s vision is of a topographic point of their ain, where they can populate and hold coneies and can be protected from injury. As the two work forces think about their dreams of the hereafter, Candy, Crooks, and even Curley s married woman reveal that they besides have dreams of a life far different from this present one. George trusts Lennie excessively much and as a consequence, Lennie kills both Curley s married woman and George s dream at the same clip. The relationship between George and Lennie is alone in that the fieldhand is normally an stray individual. It is emphasized that two workers are virtually neer seen together. Lennie and George have an fond regard and apprehension between them ; their relationship is different and valuable. Their basic relationship is seen to be the get downing factor in their dream. We will write a custom essay sample on Lonliness And Friendship Essay Research Paper In or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Guys like us, that work on spreads, are the loneliest work forces in the universe. They don t belong no topographic point. With us it ain Ts like that. We got a hereafter. We got person to speak to that cares about us. The subject of solitariness is explained in many ways. Old Candy has merely one Canis familiaris and when it is killed, he hears of George and Lennie s dream and attaches h imself to them so that he won t terminal up someday wholly alone and outcast. Even after Lennie kills Curley s married woman, old Candy still wants to fall in George and transport out the dream. Besides, Crooks is betrayed to be on the brink of devastation, because a cat needs person to be near him Don t do no difference who the cat is, every bit long as he is with you. Crooks would be willing to come to the farm and work for nil merely to hold the chance to pass on with people. Curly s married woman finally is one of the loneliest people, Her behaviour is so despised, that no 1 comes really sympathetic, but she makes herself so violative because she is driven by her solitariness. She is overwhelmed by her isolation, from Curly, that she can merely repent her state of affairs. She seeks out Lennie s friendly relationship because the other work forces fear Curly and will hold nil to make with her. If George and Lennie s relationship did non be, the violent death of Lennie would non keep the calamity because, now George s life has become as lonely, and as defeated, as the lives of Curly, Candy, and Curly s married woman. Two of import facets of human nature brought out in the narrative are: the ability to dream and the desire to hold person to portion the dream with.

Racism in America after the Civil War Up To 1900

Pedophilia and the Mind

Pedophilia and the Mind Studies have shown that pedophilia is a mental disorder that compels victims to become sexually aroused by children who are below the age of puberty (Cantor et al., 2004).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pedophilia and the Mind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Apparently, the disorder drives victims to become sexually abusive to children below 13 years. Studies have shown that this sexual deviation is as a result of abnormalities in the brain’s morphology (Schiffer Volaufen, 2011). Certainly, neurological structures of the brain especially the frontal lobe and temporal lobe have been known to cause the disorder. On the other hand, non-pedophiles are individuals who are perceived to be normal and have no mind disorder (Cantor et al., 2008). For this reason, differences in morphological make up between pedophiles and non-pedophiles influence their brain functions (Carlson, 2010). It is against this background t hat this paper summarizes the evidence to support the suggestion that there are differences in brain function between pedophiles and non-pedophiles. Moreover, the paper will also propose a study to advance the knowledge on pedophiles and the mind. Evidences From a careful review of literature, 95% of pedophiles are likely to commit sexual abuse that amounts to 70% of assaults to pre-pubescent children (Cantor et al., 2004). Of great importance to note is that 90% of pedophiles are men whose sexual abusive behavior occurs due to testosterone-related disorders. Studies have shown that the disorder cannot be cured due to the fact that it is inborn (Schiffer Volaufen, 2011). Nevertheless, there are measures that can be taken to control the sexual urge among pedophiles.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Medical experts have done investigation on the brain structures of people who are pedophiles and have compared them with the non-pedophiles. From the study, evidence has shown that pedophiles have less widespread tissues in the brain region (Cantor et al., 2008). Notably, their superior frontal-occipital and right-actuate fasciculus have less tissues, a factor that triggers the development of the disorder (Schiffer Volaufen, 2011). Previous studies have shown that such tissues are responsible in controlling body functions such as sexual urge, self-control and sexual responses. For this reason, it attributes to sexual deviations among pedophiles as opposed to non-pedophiles (Carlson, 2010). In addition, numerous biological clues indicate that pedophiles often have low intelligence quotient. Hence, they perform poorly at school as opposed to non-pedophiles. This literature can be supported by the argument that most of the victims are lefties. In other words, their left part of the brain is more functional than the right one. This has been attributed by the as sumption that pedophiles might have suffered head injuries in their childhood age (Cantor et al., 2004). Moreover, Schiffer and Volaufen (2011) suggest that this can be caused by problems that inhibit early childhood development. In line with this, brain function influences social development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pedophilia and the Mind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this case, disorders in the brain can result into deviation of the social aspect of an individual’s life. For this case, one can analyze that most of the pedophiles have poor social links with other adults (Carlson, 2010). Moreover, brain function influences one’s social behavior where pedophiles are unable to maintain their normal relationship with other adults. In this case, they turn to children who are more vulnerable and are easily coerced as opposed to non-pedophiles who manage to construct consented relationships wi th their colleagues. Besides, medical experts have revealed that there is a difference in the biological make up and mental functioning between pedophiles and non-pedophiles. Conclusive research evidence indicates that pedophiles have less white matter in the brain as opposed to non-pedophiles (Cantor, 2004). Notably, the white assists the wiring system in the brain. Therefore, the deficiency affects the IQ as well as the rationality in thinking. For this reason, Cantor et al (2004) assert that sexual offences committed by such individuals are not accompanied with stern measures like the case of non-pedophiles. In line with this, evidence has shown that even if the pedophiles are imprisoned for sexual offenses, there is likelihood that they will repeat the offence again. Cantor et al (2004) highlight that there is a prevalence of 25% for pedophiles and that such victims will commit the act more easily as opposed to other criminals. In another line of study, researchers have posited that there are prenatal conditions that interfere with neurodevelopment and hence cause brain dysfunctions.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, disruption of prenatal development in the brain due to stress may lead to pedophilic habit (Schiffer Volaufen, 2011). That notwithstanding, studies has shown that pedophiles have certain personality traits that differ from non-pedophiles (Cantor et al., 2004). The traits are psychological and hence are controlled by their brain function. Traits associated with pedophiles include low self esteem, poor interpersonal functioning and poor social skills. For this reason, it is definite that the brain functions between pedophiles and non-pedophiles are different. Nevertheless, with the above in mind, it is imperative to mention that there is a need to research further on the connection that exists between brain functions and sexual responses. In this case, advanced study will help to expose strong evidences that show how the disorder occurs. Notably, this will help researchers to explain how medical practitioners can govern the influence of brain on sexual interests (Carlso n, 2010). Needless to say, there is much that needs to be researched upon in order to gain adequate knowledge on pedophilia. Proposed study There is need for a study related to the topic to be discussed is why victims with the psychosexual disorder are highly oriented to children than adults. It is imperative to note that there are numerous controversial issues that are related to pedophilia. For instance, studies have shown that the disorder is highly prevalent among males than females. For this reason, this topic will provide the research basics on this fact in order to derive evidences that can be substantiated. From a careful review of literature, very few researchers have gone to the extent of studying how one can identify individuals with the disorder (Cantor et al., 2004). For this reason, there is need to expand the body of knowledge on how to distinguish pedophilia from other sexual disorders that are related with brain functions. Pointless to say, there has been allegation that pedophiles have low intelligence quotient and that they tend to be shorter as compared to non-pedophiles. However, studies have shown that not all pedophiles show poor performance in class (Cantor et al., 2004). In this case, there is need to verify such a claim in order to eliminate bias. In addition, biological factors have been regarded to cause the disorder. Nonetheless, there is need to research and verify whether there are other factors that can alter the brain’s function. Furthermore, it is evident that the sexual deviance causes insults to children and hence there is need to study and come up with legal measures that should be taken in order to control such acts. This is due to the fact that a significant number of experts argue that victims of pedophilia should not be accused or even prosecuted in courts of law for the offence (Schiffer Volaufen, 2011). Study design In line with this, the study on pedophilia should have a detailed and concise study design in o rder to capture numerous issues that have been debated upon. This will help to establish declarative facts about the disorder (Cantor et al., 2004). In this case, the study should entail identifying the possible causes of the disorder and the prevalence rate among the victims. Notably, pedophiles should have their medical history analyzed in order to consider all the possible factors for the disease. In this case, the study will emphasize more on the connection between sexual dysfunctions with brain disorders. Moreover, the examination or study should be conducted by experienced medical experts in order to avoid errors. In addition, there is need to identify the possible signs and symptoms of the disorder (Cantor et al., 2008). For this case, a sample taken through random or simplified technique will be used in order to produce positive results. Besides, the study should also entail curative and preventive measures for the disease (Carlson, 2010). Notably, past research has revealed that pedophilia can not be cured. Nevertheless, there are therapeutic measures that can be used such as sexual orientation. In this case, the study will evaluate the effectiveness of such therapies. Research methods to be used Needless to say, there are numerous research methods that can be applied in the study. Suggested methods include use of qualitative and quantitative research in order to obtain theoretical and numerical facts. Moreover, the study should be experimental and historical at the same time in order to have clear conclusion of the relationship between pedophilia and brain function. References Cantor, J. et al (2004). Intelligence, memory, and handedness in pedophilia. Neuropsychology, 18(1):3–14. Cantor, J. et al. (2008). Cerebral white matter deficiencies in pedophilic men. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 42(1): 167–183. Carlson, N. (2010). Carlson Foundations of Behavioral Neuroscience. New York: Pearson Education, Inc. Schiffer, B. Volaufen, C. (2 011). Executive dysfunctions in pedophilic and non- pedophilic Child Molesters. Journal of Sexual Medicine. 8(7): 17-43.

Understanding the phenomenon of shale gas revolution Research Paper

Understanding the phenomenon of shale gas revolution - Research Paper Example The cost of gas is projected to go down as there is surplus production. The future of the revolution depends on proper policies to solve any crisis and bringing balance in regard to energy prices that will be suitable for both the countries experiencing the revolution and the major oil and gas producers. In the recent past, the energy sector has witnessed some technological advancement aimed at resolving the global energy crisis. Research beyond the current crude oil reserves has led to significant discoveries such as shale oil deposits that have added to the annual increase in production of oil and gas. These developments are thought to play a significant role in the global oil markets and energy at large. The technology is prevalent in the North American continent that is United States and Canada, who are exploiting the venture in large scale. Shale gas is said to be one of the greatest energy revolutions of all time. Although the technology is in its infancy stages in America, implications both political and economic go beyond its borders. Adversaries and allies of the United States will experience different effects due to the diversity of ways through which the technology will influence international energy markets and politics. Although there are a lot of uncertainties regarding the global energy markets, shale technology offers a great deal of ways that will enable America take advantages in the geopolitical sphere. The promise and potential of shale gas production are relatively high with the ability to impact substantially on the market economy. Shale gas presents a cheaper source of non-renewable energy that is environment-friendly, and most plants are substituting coal for it. However, the potentiality of shale technology depends on the primary producers that are Canada and the United States who are currently the supply hub. The

Change into a blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Change into a blog - Essay Example The findings are based on the research â€Å"at the USC Keck School of Medicine and University College London.† 55 healthy individuals were compared with 32 GERD patients. The result is GERD patients have more problems in voice frequency and amplitude. Here is the extract from the research report: â€Å"Sixteen of the GERD patients underwent surgery to treat the condition, and those people experienced improvements in voice quality---including those patients who didnt complain of voice problems prior to surgery. Poor voice quality could be among the reasons why people with GERD score lower on quality of life measures.† But the reader should be aware of one important factor related to any scientific research and its limitations. The present research findings are not the final verdict on the subject of â€Å"heartburn or gastrointestinal reflux disease.† Moreover, the present research is based on the representative sample of 55 healthy individuals and 32 GERD patients. This is just a small fraction of millions of patients suffering from this disease all over the world. Moreover, no one knows the exact causes for this condition. Some of the causes could be use of alcohol, cigarettes, slouching, medications, diet like eating large meals, eating just before bedtime, diabetes, rapid weight gain and so

Discovery Of The World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 109

Discovery Of The World - Essay Example Initial education on world tours captures the role of Columbus as a first explorer, which is not accurate because of the existence of data suggesting there were other voyagers before him who explored the world and discovered most of the places he is credited for. The involvement of Columbus in Hispaniola indicates the cruel nature of his approach. The killing of the inhabitants of the area was a genocide event because it led to suffering to the people of Hispaniola. The direct involvement of his men in the death of the locals indicates criminal liability of Columbus. In addition, the action taken by Columbus and his voyages in the area can be charged in the modern world as the violation of human rights. Columbus is a villain and not a hero because he is credited for what he did not achieve. Likewise, he is involved in actions and events that are not related to heroism. The involvement in battles in order to claim the lands and wealth of others is an indication of the challenge of res pect for humans.  

Professional Ethics in the Construction Industry

Professional Ethics in the Construction Industry Introduction The business news headlines of ethical meltdowns of global companies such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco, which now have become synonymous with greed, serve as a key reminder to the companies and individuals in business to practice ethical behaviour (Doran, 2004). One of the most frequently reported unethical practices in business is bribery, described as: â€Å"the offering of some good, service or money to an appropriate person for the purpose of securing a privileged and favourable consideration (or purchase) of ones product or corporate project† (Almeder and Humber, 1983, cited in Johnson, 1991: 327). Building professionals have gain integrity and respectability through professional bodies such as the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), Malaysian Institute of Architects (PAM), The Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM), and Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (ISM), which reflects the professionals of construction industry. These professional standards and ethics are embodied in codes of practice, which define the roles and obligations professionals (Harris et al., 1995) and are the cornerstone of any ethics programme (Calhoun and Wolitzer, 2001). Ethics and Professionalism The Oxford English Dictionary defines ethics as the moral principles that govern or influence a persons conduct. Ethics, as defined by Doran (2004), is the discipline dealing with what is good and bad about moral duty and obligation; a set of accepted moral principles and values about what ought to be; a theory or system of moral principles governing the appropriate conduct for an individual or group; and a code of morality. Doran points out that â€Å"ethics is something that the industry needs to talk more about, agree on, and put into wider practice† (2004: 4). Hinman (1997) distinguishes morals and ethics by regarding morals as first order beliefs, and practices about what is good and bad which guide behaviour; while ethics as second order, reflective consideration of moral beliefs and practices. Martin (2000), defines professionalism as setting aside personal values, feelings, and benefits in order to fulfill the obligations inhered in professional roles. Ethical behaviour, in construction context, is determined by the level of trustworthiness and integrity with which organizations and individuals perform their business (Mason, 2009). In a survey by Vee Skitmore (2003), it was agreed by 93% of the respondents that â€Å"business ethics† should be driven or governed by â€Å"personal ethics†, where there is a need to maintain the balance of both the requirements of the client and the impact on the public. Greenhalgh (1997), describes the core of professionalism as the self-reliant control of a group of experts possessing honorific status. Ethics have a role to play in general business practice despite the term â€Å"business ethics† being called an oxymoron (Ferguson, 1994). The applicability of general concepts of ethics to business is now realized after the recent appearance of greater consensus on this issue. This has been explained on the grounds that business exists not solely to accommodate certain individuals, but also to serve the society and, conforms to collective and social needs (Cohen and Grace, 1998) and environment in general (Fleddermann, 1999). Put differently, the spirit of a ny literal profession cannot be attained without an ethics element (Bowie, 1991). Professional Ethics in Construction Industry Professional ethics as defined by Martin (2000), consists of moral requirements attached to a profession and imposed on its members, together with ethical dilemmas created when there is a conflict of interest or the requirements are too vague to give guidance. Bayles (1988) describes professional ethics as a system of behavioural norms. Such norms ensure that professional does not take advantage over the client due to the knowledge differential the application of customer protection through self-regulation. Construction professionals, for instance, engineers, architects, project managers, surveyors and contractors, have the fundamental right of professional conscience (Martins and Schinzinger, 1996, cited in Fleddermann, 1999, p.87). Another important feature of ethics in the construction industry is â€Å"personal ethics† often interpreted by construction professionals as just treating others with the same point of honesty that they would want to be treated (Badger and Gay, 1996). Yet, it has been suggested that professionals in general tend to believe that their responsibilities to the client far outweigh the public (Johnson, 1991). An Australian study by Vee Skitmore (2003), demonstrates that most organizations subscribed to a professional code of ethics (90%), and many (45%) had an ethical code of conduct in their employing organizations. Reeck (1982) notes that ethical codes provide guidance for professionals in determining proper action. A South African study based on the work done in Australia shows that a new suite of professional Acts promulgated in 2000 in South Africa had boosted the profile of ethics (Vee Skitmore, 2003). However, Henry (1995) cautions that ethical codes do not solve moral dilemmas but do help to raise the levels of awareness and so encourage ethical practice. Professional Misconduct and its Impact to the Construction Industry The renowned cases of corporate malfeasance such as Enron reflect the unethical business practices that resulted in companies rapidly lose their reputations; shareholders revolt, unemployment, besides causing the whole industries to come under suspicion (Doran, 2004). Dorans research has shown that unethical behaviour affects the publics perception of the industry (61%), and more significantly, it affects the level of trust between clients and contractors (74%), and between contractors and design professionals (60%). As a matter of fact, codes of practice alone are insufficient to ensure ethical conduct in the construction industry. Ethical misconducts continue to happen in the construction industry, for instance, collusive tendering that results in apparently competitive bids, price fixing, or market distribution strategies that prohibit the spirit of free competition and defraud clients (Zarkada-Fraser, 2000), bid-cutting (May et al., 2001), bid-shopping, cover pricing, hidden fees and commissions and compensation for unsuccessful tenderers (Ray et al., 1999; Zarkada-Fraser and Skitmore, 2000), together with â€Å"withdrawal† ( Zarkada, 1998: 36) where a tenderer withdraws their bid after consultation with other tenderers. Other frequently reported unethical practices are related to fraud, breach of confidence and negligence. Deceit, trickery, sharp practice, or breach of confidence, by which it is sought to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage, is the description of the unethical practice of fraud (Bolgna et al., 1996: 9). A common breach of confidentiality is whistle blowing, described as the act of an employee of informing the public or higher management of unethical or illegal behaviour by an employer or supervisor (Johnson, 1991: 32). Negligence is the â€Å"failure to exercise that degree of care which, in the circumstances, the law requires for the protection of those interests of other persons which may be injuriously affected by the need of such care†. (Delbridge et al., 2000). The main sources of negligence are design negligence, design defect, production defect or a combination of these factors (Thorpe and Middendorf, 1980: 75). Barriers that Limit Professional and Ethical Behaviour Brien (1998), states that the cause of ethical failure in an organization can often be traced to its organizational culture and also the failure of the leader to encourage ethical practices among the members. In spite of the fact that personal ethics that constitute to perception of beliefs, values, personality and background, any tendency of an individual towards ethical conduct is strongly influenced by the value systems reflected by the employing organization (Mason, 2009). According to one study by Pearl et al. (2007), the extent to which ethical internal control is exercised within an organization will influence the difficulty facing any professional community. When the participants of the construction industry get caught in a compromising situation, the temptation for them to be unethical can be almost irresistible which is particularly true at the contractor level. The pressure on contractors are emphasized by Stansbury (2005), Chairman of Transparency International (UK) that, the majority of contractors engaged in corruption are forced by the way the industry and the political environment operate. Furthermore, there is no consensus on precisely what constitutes unethical behaviour and what should be done to improve it (Mason, 2009). Improving Professional Ethics in the Construction Industry There are contravening opinions as to whether or not the adoption of ethical codes has enriched ethical standards in the construction industry. Indeed, some commentators have even suggested that an ethical code is nothing more than public relations â€Å"window dressing† (Starr, 1983). Mason (2009), in his research describes that a single-wide code can contribute to the development of ethical standards within the construction industry as â€Å"the first line of defense against corruption† (Uff, 2003). The Code was intended to apply to all professionals of construction industry regardless of their qualification or affiliation. The principles are set out as accepted behaviour benchmark and regroup into seven qualities as honesty, fairness, fair reward, reliability, integrity, objectivity and accountability. Even so, Mason indicates that the change for a better ethical standards of conduct in the industry can only be achieved by reducing the chances for construction partic ipants to consider it a need to draw advantage at someone elses expense. He points out that other measures such as longer term relationships and collaborative working in the industry also play an equally substantial role in ethical improvement. Mason (2009), suggests that one way to improve ethical standards is simply by enforcing the law where unethical conduct is also a breach of the criminal law. This can be illustrated by the enforcement activity in the UK by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT 2007). The OFT aim is to ensure a fair competition during tender bid stages, which regards collusion as a contravention of competition, and the OFT has continues to conduct investigation to battle corruption. Dorans research (2004) has implied that the construction industry should get more training on professional ethics, where 97% thought that ethics training should begin at the collegiate level. Despite the trend towards increased training in the construction industry continues to grow, the initiatives to offer training on ethics is seldom heard. Doran suggests that companies should adopt ethical codes before increasing the training on ethics so that training will be more goal-orientated. References: Bowie, N. (1991). Business ethics as an academic discipline, in Freeman, R.E. (Eds). Business Ethics: The State of the Art. Oxford University Press: New York. Brien, A. (1998). Professional ethics and the culture of trust.Journal of Business Studies, 17, pp.391-409. Doran, D. (2004),FMI/CMAA Survey of Construction Industry Ethical Practices, FMI Corporation, Raleigh, NC. Retrieved October 8, 2009 from www.acce-hq.org/documents/ethics_survey.pdf Fellows, R. (2003). Professionalism in Construction: Culture and Ethics. CIB TG23 International Conference, October 2009, Hong Kong. Ferguson, W.C. (1994). Building a solid ethical foundation in business.The Executive Speaker, 9(1), pp.33-39. Fleddermann, C.B. (1999), Engineering Ethics. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Greenhalgh, B. (1997).Practice Management for Land, Construction and Property Professionals. Chapman and Hall: New York. Hinman, L. M. (1997) Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Johnson, D.G. (1991), Ethical Issues in Engineering. Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Martin, M.W., Schinzinger, R. (1996), Ethics in Engineering, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill: New York. Mason, J. (2009). Ethics in the construction industry: the prospects for a single professional code. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 10(3), 192-204. Retrieved October 5, 2009, doi: 10.1108/17561450911001252 Office of Fair Trading (2007). OFT makes ‘fast track offer in biggest error UK cartel investigation, Retrieved October 19, 2009, from www.oft.gov.uk/news/press/2007/49-07 Pearl, R., Bowen, P., Makanjee, N., Akintoye, A., Evans, K. (2007). Professional ethics in the South African construction industry a pilot study. Journal of Construction Management and Economics, 25(6), pp.631-648. Reeck, D. (1982). Ethics for Professioans: A Christian Perspective, Augsbury: Minneapolis. Stansbury, N. (2005).Construction Environment is Prone to Corruption, Retrieved October 18, 2009, from www.buildingtalk.com/news/tch/tch193.html Starr, W. (1983). Codes of ethics: towards a rule-utilitarian justification.Journal of Business Ethics, 2, pp.99-106. Uff, J. (2003).Duties at the Legal Fringe: Ethics in Construction Law, Fourth Michael Brown Foundation Lecture. Vee, C. and Skitmore, R.M. (2003) Professional Ethics in the Construction Industry, Engineering Construction and Architectural Management 10(2), 117-127. Retrieved August, 28, 2009, doi: 10.1108/09699980310466596

Government: Canada And China :: essays research papers

The two countries I have chosen to compare are China and Canada. Their systems of government are very different and have different powers and rolls in their country. Canada has a system of government very similar to our own. While china's government appears to be similar as well, but it is quite different. Canada's government democratic and is parliamentary in form but, very much like our own. Like all large governments it is representative democracy. Canada has a central government designed to deal with the country as a whole. Things like national defense, banking, currency, and commerce are controlled by the central government. All other matters are left to the provinces to deal with. Such as education, hospitals, and civil rights are responsibilities of the states. The Canadian Parliament consists of two houses. Their Senate is made up of 104 members who serve until the age of seventy-five. The House of Commons is composed of 295 members who are popularly elected to serve for five-year terms. The Parliament elects the executive, the Prime Minister. Canada has a Federal system and is divided into ten provinces that have powers the way our states do. China's government is a dictatorship it is led by the communist party. A premier who is now Li Peng leads the country. The Executive powers rest in the State Council, which is headed by the premier, Li Peng. The National People's Congress is the most powerful part of China's government. Its members are indirectly elected to serve five-year terms. One representative is elected from each province for every 400,000 people, with a minimum of ten representatives from each. There are approximately 3000 representatives in China's Congress. China also has a federal government. The country is divided into Provinces, which are divided into even smaller divisions of several types. The Communist party controls the government. Other parties do exist but the Communists Party is in control of the government. Canada and China are very different States and are run by very different forms of government. The basic underlying difference between the two governments is the location of sovereignty in the counties. In China it seems as though the people do play a large part in the government, but after studying it, it is evident that the power really rests with the Communist party and the dictatorship. While in Canada the people popularly elect their representatives who elect their Prime Minister.

Flextronics Case Analysis

Flextronics Case Analysis Team Member: Kerry Cunningham, Feng Hu, Tian Tian, Shuo Zhang Nov. 5th 1. Cause of McCuster’s Dilemma Several organizational factors haves contributed to McCuster’s dilemma: First, the Flextronics’s decision makers failed to appropriately evaluate the ability and condition of the organization in bidding for Xbox project and assigning tasks. While it is enticing that this project would bring about good reputation as well as substantial financial gain, decision-makers should consider more than financial benefit1.Managers are paid to make good decisions not risky decisions or conservative decisions1: Flextronics decision makers was too optimistic about the project so that they promised Microsoft the IT solution Flextronics did not have yet despite the fact that it was Flextronics first global project and first foray into sophisticated software. This promise has put Flextronics in risks since now it has trouble coming up with the IT solution .Although group and external pressures (social, political, economic) impact the alternatives we select and biases we have in decision-making1, in Flextronics case, Flextronics could gain cutting edge and good fame from the succeed of the project, and many parties are closely watching this project, decision makers still needs to be objective when making decisions While Xbox project needs the two facilities designated to work closely, decision makers assigned the project to Mexico facility and Hungary facility, two groups that are both geographically and relationally distant.This decision has led to ineffective communication between the two facilities. Second, Flextronics’s CEO’s over stress on culture decentralization and the fact that Flextronics’s acquisition led to culture acquisition caused lack of communication1 and trust1 between facilities. Lack of Communication has led to different systems in two facilities. The two plants function separately and have the ir own respective cost control, this leading to conflict about which system to adopt.If the Hungary facility has communicated with the headquarter about which system to adopt in the first place, the headquarter would probably have suggested Hungary facility to adopt Datasweep like Mexico facility did, and Flextronics would not have this dilemma at all. Now that the facilities are having problem in switching system, they still refuse to trust each other’s system, they are even unwilling to communicate with each other about the system. This lack of trust and communication has worsened Flextronics’s situation. 2.Criteria in Decision Evaluation The most prior criterion in decision evaluation is whether the ultimate decision enables Flextronics to make profits in the long run. Since profit enables enterprises to survive and developlast. Profit is also the reason for the establish profit oriented enterprises. However, in individual tasks such as Xbox project, the priority ma y be developing cutting edge and enhance reputation rather than financial gain, but this project would be valueless if it cannot bring about financial benefit in the long run.The second most important criterion is customer satisfaction. In this case, customer satisfaction means whether Flextronics produces Xbox in good quality, right quantity, with reasonable price, and in timely manner. Flextronics also needs to meet Microsoft’s requirement in system adoption and production control. As Microsoft is an important customer and the project’s success could bring about substantial benefit for Flextronics, it is important to stick to the contract with Microsoft. Another important criterion would be whether the ultimate decision leads to good team work.Now that the Hungary facility and Mexico facility have inconsistency in production and refuse to compromise, decision makers need to come up with a solution to involve the two facilities in close cooperation, which is the key t o success in launching Xbox in two markets at the same time. As good teamwork in Xbox would lead to enhanced work efficiency and good example for future projects, it is important for decision makers to let the two facilities willingly reach an agreement. 3. Actions to Take In order to satisfy the criteria mentioned above, Mr. McCusker should take the following actions before he reaches a decision.First of all, in order to make sure the company can benefit from this project, he need make comprehensive analysis on every aspect including costs, potential profit, customer satisfaction and future influences on market share of all those three possible scenarios. The first decision alternative is putting Datasweep in both Mexico and Hungary. This fits to both the philosophy of Mark, the CEO of Flextronics and the requirement of Microsoft. Moreover, Datasweep is a scalable solution over Visual Factory, thus facilitating future projects on a global view.On the other hand, the cost is a big i ssue. Besides, the uncertainty to operate the new system may disorder the normal operation for Hungarian for a period of time. Well, decision-makers should consider more than financial benefit1. As this is a global project, McCusker should view it as a whole. If this solution does meet the criteria of the company, those two branches should share the total cost and profit. Furthermore, the Mexico factory should send some engineers who are familiar with Datasweep to Hungarian to make it operate well as soon as possible.Because the Xbox will be built first in Mexico, there is still some time for Hungary to adopt the new system. In this case, Flextronics will become more and more global-orientated and get ready for tremendous future projects. However, there is still some uncertainty exists, because the management team in Hungary is self-important. They are quite unwilling to switch and would only do so if the CEO commanded. They may have some psychological issues which will have bad eff ects on carrying on the project. The second one is to set up Visual Factory in Mexico.It will save a lot of money, which is a big issue in this industry. This system has been well self-customized by the Hungarian team and they believe that they have already discovered and fixed most of the bugs. But the fatal defect is that Visual Factory has no credibility outside of Hungary. It is extremely hard to convince Microsoft and the executives and IT team of Flextronics to trust this new system. Moreover, because of the build of Xbox starting from Mexico, time is another critical issue. The third option is allowing each branch uses their own software system. This will benefit both plants without any risk.Nevertheless, there is also a fatal drawback of this option that is it can hardly meet the basic requirement of Microsoft for a single software platform. What’s more, it lacks global synergies which will be a barrier for Flextronics to develop in the long run. The second action McC usker should take is talking to Michael Marks, the CEO of Flextronics, putting all three options and all the pros and cons of them according to the comprehensive analysis and asking for his advice and even help. In this case, this is indeed needed, though it is not recommended to refer to boss for help.Because this is a global project which need close cooperation of the big two branches, it’s hard for McCusker, the project manager, to deal with those senior executives. Furthermore, Humphrey Porter, president of Central Europe, and his team even claimed that they would switch to Datasweep only if Michael Marks ask to do so as an order. In this case, without the approval of Michael Marks, it’s useless for McCusker to reach any decision. The third one is to hold a conference with all the key people including Humphrey Porter, Matt Ryan, Jim McCusker, Mike Webb, Robert Dykes and Michael Marks.Because one of the biggest problems of Flextronics is lack of communication, this conference will help those key people in this project to know the situation better and build trust and familiarity among them1. After they consider and discuss all the pros and cons of every option face to face without any communication barrels, they stand a good chance to reach an optimal decision. A good teamwork among different branches would also benefit a lot for the future development of Flextronics as a global company.

Elian Gonzalez1 essays

Elian Gonzalez1 essays Emotions run high and opinions run irrational when it comes to the custody status of Elian Gonzalez. Many people insist that Elian will live a miserable life in Cuba because little Elian will not have the freedom that America allows its citizens. Yet at the when these voices, including Elians South Florida family, demand freedom for little Elian, they kidnap Elian from the love and parental guidance Elians father, Juan Miguel, provides. The honor and love felt for Elian from his family in South Florida is strong, well meaning and honest but blind. While they forge ahead trying to make Elian an American citizen, they do not see the horrible harm they would cause this child by deny Juan Miguel to have his son. Not only is Elians South Florida family blind but they are also ignorant of the laws placed there to protect the child they profess they care so much about. It is not only necessary that Elian Gonzalez returns to Cuba before he suffers more emotional and mental scaring, but is es sential to the essence of the Immigration and Naturalization Service that Elian is sent back to Cuba. On January 5, 2000, The INS decides that Juan Miguel Gonzalez, Elians father, is the one that will speak for Elian. This means that Elians father will make that decision as to whether he will be returned to Cuba. (Timeline 9) .It is impossible to misunderstand what the INS meant by that decision. INS plainly said that Juan Miguel was the only voice in deciding whether Elian was to leave the U.S. or stay in the U.S. That decision was made two and half months ago and since Juan Miguel stated before and still states that he wants Elian home in Cuba, Elian should have been home in Cuba a long time ago. On March 23, 2000 ... The INS sends a letter to Kendall Coffey, the attorney for Elians Miami family. In the letter, the INS gave the attorney two choices and set a deadline of tomorrow ...

Het Reservaat

Het Reservaat Recensie: Het reservaat "“ Ward Ruyslinck Het boek gaat over een maatschappij, die volledig ingericht is op effici «ntie. Alles moet economische en sociale welvaart bevorderen. Zo niet, dan is het strafbaar. Hieronder vallen ook dingen als dichten en muziek. Ook religie is verboden. Basile Jonas is een leraar Nederlands op een school. Hij schrijft af en toe in zijn vrije tijd gedichten. Er ontstond een probleem doordat een meisje uit zijn klas naar haar vader stapte omdat hij een van zijn gedichten in de klas voorlas. Daarvoor moest hij voor de rector verschijnen. Deze vondt dat totaal ongepast. Een leraar moet het goede voorbeeld vormen, en gedichten zijn niet bevorderlijk voor de economische en sociale welvaart. Dat was nog niet het allerergste. Hij haalde een leerling van hem naar binnen, die alleen buiten liep. Daarna speelde hij een stuk op zijn viool voor haar. Daarna begint er een langdurige en voor hem moeilijke rechtzaak.Matteo Basilà ¨Basil heeft niks in te brengen. Alles is van hem bekend, elk detail, en ze weten hem overal op te pakken. Het zijn allemaal feiten, en hier heeft Basil een hekel aan. Hij vindt dat het niet om de feiten gaat, maar op de voorspiegeling van de feiten. De toon van het boek is somber. Basile heeft geen enkele kans tegen de hele maatschappij. Het is  ©Ã‚ ©n tegen iedereen, en iedereen tegen  ©Ã‚ ©n. Uiteindelijk wordt hij ontvoerd en in een soort observatieterrein gezet. Dit is een afgeschermd terrein voor alle onaangepaste lieden in de maatschappij, en hier worden wetenschappelijke testen op hun gedaan. Men probeert te onderzoeken waarom Basile zo is. De proefpersonen worden niet langer daar gehouden dan strikt noodzakelijk is. Daarna worden ze ge «limineerd. Het reservaat wordt door de directeur aan Basile weerspiegeld als een paradijs dat speciaal voor een paar bevoordeelden in de maatschappij was gecre «rd. Verder in het boek lees je dat Basile uiteindelijk officieel gestorven blijkt te zijn aan een ziekte. Maar er zijn mensen die twijfelen of dat niet op de grens tussen misdaad en wetenschap ligt.Ward Ruyslink gaat op bijzondere wijze het gevecht aan tegen de steeds harder wordende samenleving. Mensen worden steeds harder, minder romantisch, en meer gericht op winst en effici «ntie. Hij schreef dit boek in 1964. Toen al werd de maatschappij zo beschouwd, en daar is weinig aan veranderd. Ook de hippies hebben daar weinig tot niks aan kunnen doen. De maatschappij is doelgericht, en is ingesteld op zichzelf. In het begin van het boek noemt hij het een ziekte, het Americanisme. Ik denk dat hij daarop doelt dat dit in Amerika al verder is dan in Europa. Persoonlijk vind ik het boek een beetje een slap aftreksel van "1984"  van George Orwell. Ook daar word een "Big Brother"  maatschappij voorgesteld, een totalitaire maatschappij zonder persoonlijk bezit, met enkel en alleen het algemeen nut dat de dictator bepaalt. In de tijd dat Ward Ruyslink het boek schreef was ook de koude oorl og volop aan de gang. De USSR werd steeds groter, en net als Orwell was Ruyslink doodsbang voor dat dit in Europa en Amerika ook zou gebeuren, alleen op een veel subtielere manier, niet angstaanjagend, maar heel erg geniepig. In Orwell's boek gaat het op een veel snellere manier, in het Reservaat gaat het op een geleidelijkere manier, de totalitaire staat is er langzaam gekomen. Er hangen ook posters van "De Cobra"  in Basile's stad, de denkbeeldige dictator, die door de maatschappij zelf in stand gehouden wordt. De Cobra wordt daarop afgebeeld met kinderen, om te laten zien hoe goed het systeem wel niet werkt. Het systeem lijkt ook voor de meeste mensen goed te werken. Mensen die zelf totaal niet creatief zijn, die zonder "˜nutteloze' dingen kunnen. Mensen die "˜anders' zijn kunnen hun hun creativitei niet meer kwijt, en nemen het op tegen de kudde, wat natuurlijk een onmogelijke taak is.Het reservaat is een boek dat niet heel erg makkelijk te lezen is, omdat het niet inge deeld is in hoofdstukken. Een hoofdstukindeling maakt een boek overzichterlijker, en je krijgt een idee waar je bent. Ook vondt ik het begin van het boek niet echt geweldig. Je word ineens in het diepe gegooid, zonder dat je direct doorhebt wat er nou eigenlijk aan de hand is. Daarna wordt het boek wat duidelijker, je krijgt door wat er aan de hand is, waarom het zo is en hoe het zo gekomen is. Het is een redelijk spannend boek, omdat je je blijft afvragen hoe Basile's strijd tegen de maatschappij zal eindigen. Als Basile in het reservaat, of "Rijkskolonie Paalberg"  zit, begint het boek wat saaier te worden. Je hebt nog de hoop dat hij zal ontsnappen, maar je merkt dat het einde nabij is, hij heeft zijn strijd geleverd. De ontknoping is een beetje teleurstellend, hij wordt afgemaakt alsof het een proefdier is.

Portfolio Diversification and Markowitz Theory Essay

Portfolio Diversification and Markowitz Theory - Essay Example However, there is a claim from Swisher & Kasten (2005) that a post-modern portfolio theory factoring in the role emotions and subjectivities has emerged but the leading journals do not confirm the claim. Gitman & Joehnk (1996, p. 670) attribute to Harry Markowitz, a trained mathematician, the development of the first set of theories â€Å"that form the basis of modern portfolio.† Modern portfolio theory is â€Å"an approach to portfolio management that uses statistical measures to develop a portfolio plan† (Gitman & Joehnk 1996, p. 670). Other than Markovitz, â€Å"several other scholars and investment experts have contributed to the theory in the intervening years† (Gitman & Joehnk 1996, p. 670). Gitman & Joehnk (1996, p. 671) identified that some of the key concepts used by the theory â€Å"are expected returns and standard deviations of returns for both securities and portfolios and the correlations between returns.† Gitman & Joehnk (1996, p. 673) point ed out that at the theoretical level, the optimal portfolio choice is made by an investor at the point of tangency between the investor’s indifference curve and his or her efficient frontier of investment. The efficient frontiers of investments consist of a set of combination of risks and returns deemed most acceptable to the investor. The investor is assumed to accept higher risks provided returns will be higher. This is shown in Figure 1 where the Is are the indifference curves of the investor associated with the investor’s utility. Figure 1. Indifference curves, efficient frontier, and optimal portfolio. Source: Gitman & Joehnk 1996, p.

Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Report - Assignment Example Your Supplementary Text helps you or go online. You will use these journal articles to write your structured report. So please keep copies of these articles. Cash, H., Rae, C., Steel, A. and Winkler, A., (2012). Internet Addiction: A Brief Summary of Research and Practice, US National Library of Medicine   National Institutes of Health, Curr Psychiatry Rev. Nov; 8(4): 292–298. King, D., Delfabbro, P., Griffiths, M. and Gradisar, M. (2012). Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches to OutpatientTreatmentof Internet Addiction inChildrenand Adolescents, Journal of Clinical Psychology: In session, Vol. 68(11), 1185–1195 Extend your search by including five other sources of information relating to your topic below. They can be conference papers, newspaper articles, magazines, etc. Enter them in APA 6th edition style correctly here. Internet addiction should be recognised as a clinical disorder, psychiatrist claims, (n.d.). Mailonline, Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-542768/Internet-addiction-recognised-clinical-disorder-psychiatrist-claims.html TIP: The title of your report must be narrow/focussed. You might want to review this title after you have finished the entire report. The title should give the reader a good idea of what to expect in the report. While Internet obtained an indescribable power of impact toward the way people got connected, such technological advance have also altered the relationship between them, creating basis for the scholars to dive into the potential of Internet addiction and its effect on people’s behavioural changes. Researchers ultimately agree that the new digital era has created its impact on the development of the human mind. Despite such useful features as availability to obtain incredible information and opportunity to be more socially connected, possibilities for self-education, freedom from shyness and huge economic betterment, psychiatrists have noticed that excessive use of Internet can lead to